Selective modification of the Er 3 ¿ 4 I 11 Õ 2 branching ratio by energy transfer to Eu 3
نویسنده
چکیده
We present an investigation of Er photoluminescence in Y2O3 waveguides codoped with Eu . As a function of europium concentration we observe an increase in decay rate of the erbium I11/2 energy level and an increase of the ratio of photoluminescence emission from the I13/2 and I11/2 states. Using a rate equation model, we show that this is due to an energy transfer from the I11/2→I13/2 transition in erbium to europium. This increases the branching ratio of the I11/2 state towards the I13/2 state and results in a higher steady state population of the first excited state of erbium. Absolute intensity enhancement of the I13/2 emission is obtained for europium concentrations between 0.1 and 0.3 at. %. In addition, the photoluminescence due to upconversion processes originating from the I11/2 state is reduced. Using such state-selective energy transfer the efficiency of erbium doped waveguide amplifiers can be increased. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. @S0021-8979~00!01321-9#
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